Transition to the Second Child:

from Health to Public Policies

Abstract

In Portugal there has been a decline in fertility and birth rates, and its recovery is currently related to the transition to the second child, which requires concerted action by those involved. However, the evidence illustrating this phenomenon is scattered in the literature. This article aims to outline how the transition experience inherent to the birth of a second child presents itself in national and international scientific research, and also the challenges posed to research, clinical practice and public policies. It was found that the birth of a second child emerges as a transition in parenting with implications for health and quality of life, with scant research characterizing it. Its study is recommended, as well as the operationalization of a specific professional human career. Public policies can play a relevant role in creating a favorable environment for couples to decide to have more children.